Friday, December 20, 2024

Evidence for dynastic succession among early Celtic elites in Central Europe – Nature Human Behaviour

Must read

  • Pauli, L. in Die Kelten in Mitteleuropa: Kultur, Kunst, Wirtschaft (ed Pauli, L.) 16–24 (Salzburger Landesregierung Kulturabteilung, 1980).

  • Bouffier, C. S. & Garcia, D. in From the Pillars of Hercules to the Footsteps of the Argonauts (eds Hermary, A. & Tsetskhladze, G. R.) Vol. 4 21–36 (Peeters Pub, 2012).

  • Collis, J. R. The origin and the spread of the Celts. Stud. Celtica 30, 17–34 (1996).


    Google Scholar
     

  • Collis, J. R. The Celts: Origins, Myths and Inventions (Tempus, 2003).

  • Milcent, P.-Y. in Eurasia at the Dawn of History. Urbanization and Social Change (eds Fernandez-Götz, M. & Krausse, D.) 392–406 (Cambridge Univ. Press, 2016).

  • Spindler, K. Die Frühen Kelten (Philipp Reclam jun., 1991).

  • Krausse, D. & Beilharz, D. in Die Welt der Kelten. Zentren der MachtKostbarkeiten der Kunst (eds Krausse, D., Beilharz, D. & Fernández-Götz, D.) 99–105 (Thorbecke, 2013).

  • Fernández-Götz, M. in Funerary Practices during the Bronze and Iron Ages in Central and Southeast Europe: Proceedings of the 14th International Colloquium of Funerary Archaeology in Čačak, Serbia, 24th–27th September 2015 (eds Sîrbu, V., Jevtić, M., Dmitrović, K. & Ljuština, M.) 165–187 (Univ. Belgrade, 2016).

  • Steffen, C. Gesellschaftswandel während der älteren Eisenzeit Vol. 93 (Theiss, 2012).

  • Krausse, D. Das Trink- und Speiseservice aus dem späthallstattzeitlichen Fürstengrab von Eberdingen-Hochdorf (Kr. Ludwigsburg) Vol. 64 (Theiss, 1996).

  • Krausse, D. Der Keltenfürst von Hochdorf: Dorfältester oder Sakralkönig? Anspruch und Wirklichkeit der sog. kulturanthropologischen Hallstatt-Archäologie. Arch. Korrespondenzbl. 29, 339–358 (1999).


    Google Scholar
     

  • Metzner-Nebelsick, C. in The Oxford Handbook of the European Iron Age (eds Haselgrove, C., Wells, P. S. & Rebay-Salisbury, K.) 217–274 (Oxford Univ. Press, 2018).

  • Metzner-Nebelsick, C. in Monarchische Herrschaft im Altertum (ed. Rebenich, S.) Vol. 94 364–400 (Walter de Gruyter, 2017).

  • Schier, W. in Burial Mounds in Europe and Japan. Comparative and Contextual Perspectives (eds Knopf, T., Steinhaus, W. & Fukunaga, S.) 69–87 (Archaeopress, 2018).

  • Balzer I. in Die Fürstengräber vom Glauberg (eds Recker, U. & Rupp V.) Vol. 3 3–16 (Habelt, 2018).

  • Fried, M. H. in Culture in History (ed. Diamond, S.) 713–731 (Columbia Univ. Press, 1960).

  • Eggert, M. K. H. Riesentumuli und Sozialorganisation: Vergleichende Betrachtungen zu den sogenannten »Fürstengrabhügeln « der späten Hallstattzeit. Arch. Korrespondenzbl. 18, 263–274 (1988).


    Google Scholar
     

  • Eggert, M. K. H. Prestigegüter und Sozialstruktur in der Späthallstattzeit: eine kulturanthropologische Perspektive. Saeculum 42, 1–28 (1991).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Eggert, M. K. H. Der Tote von Hochdorf: Bemerkungen zum Modus archäologischer Interpretation. Arch. Korrespondenzbl. 29, 211–222 (1999).


    Google Scholar
     

  • Burmeister, S. & Müller-Scheeßel, N. in Alter und Geschlecht in ur- und frühgeschichtlichen Gesellschaften. Tagung Bamberg 20.–21. Februar 2004 (ed Müller, J.) Vol. 126 91–125 (Habelt, 2005).

  • Hummel, S., Schmidt, D. & Herrmann, B. in Frühkeltische Fürstensitze. Älteste Städte und Herrschaftszentren nördlich der Alpen? Internationaler Workshop zur keltischen Archäologie in Eberdingen-Hochdorf 12. und 13. September 2003 (eds Biel, J. & Krausse, D.) Vol. 51 67–70 (Landesamt für Denkmalpflege im Regierugspräsidium Stuttgart, 2005).

  • Lee, E. & Wurmb-Schwark, N. in Gesellschaftswandel während der älteren Eisenzeit (ed. Steffen, C.) Vol. 93 179–183 (Theiss, 2012).

  • Krausse, D., Fernández-Götz, M., Gutekunst, A. & Hansen, L. Size matters—a re-evaluation of the Heuneburg demography. Germania 97, 179–189 (2019).


    Google Scholar
     

  • Krausse, D., Hansen, L. & Tarpini, R. in Crossing the Alps. Early Urbanism between Northern Italy and Central Europe (900–400 BC) (eds Zamboni, L., Fernández-Götz, M. & Metzner-Nebelsick, C.) 299–317 (Sidestone Press, 2020).

  • Knipper, C. Die räumliche Organisation der Linearbandkeramischen RinderhaltungNaturwissenschaftliche und Archäologische Untersuchungen Vol. 2305 (British Archaeological Reports, 2011).

  • Wang, R. J., Al-Saffar, S. I., Rogers, J. & Hahn, M. W. Human generation times across the past 250,000 years. Sci. Adv. 9, eabm7047 (2023).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Krausse, D. in Frühkeltische Fürstensitze. Älteste Städte und Herrschaftszentren nördlich der Alpen? Internationaler Workshop zur keltischen Archäologie in Eberdingen-Hochdorf 12. und 13. September 2003 (eds Biel, J. & Krausse, D.) Vol. 51 63–66 (Landesamt für Denkmalpflege im Regierungspräsidium Stuttgart, 2005).

  • Knipper, C. et al. Social differentiation and land use at an Early Iron Age ‘princely seat’: bioarchaeological investigations at the Glauberg (Germany). J. Archaeol. Sci. 41, 818–835 (2014).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Knipper, C. et al. Dietary distinction of Central European Prehistoric and Medieval elites. Curr. Anthropol. 56, 579–589 (2015).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Margaryan, A. et al. Population genomics of the Viking world. Nature 585, 390–396 (2020).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Ringbauer, H. et al. Accurate detection of identity-by-descent segments in human ancient DNA. Nat. Genet 56, 143–151 (2024).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Parzinger, H. Zur Belegungsabfolge auf dem Magdalenenberg bei Villingen. Germania 64, 391–407 (1986).


    Google Scholar
     

  • Spindler, K. in Parerga praehistorica. Jubiläumsschrift zur prähistorischen Archäologie15 Jahre UPA (ed. Hänsel, B.) Vol. 100 135–160 (Habelt, 2004).

  • Koch, J. K. in Frauen an der Macht? Neue interdisziplinäre Ansätze zur Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung für die Eisenzeit Mitteleuropas (eds Keller, C. & Winger, K.) Vol. 299 93–106 (Walter de Gruyter, 2017).

  • Schmid, C. & Schiffels, S. Estimating human mobility in Holocene Western Eurasia with large-scale ancient genomic data. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 120, e2218375120 (2023).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Mathieson, I. et al. The genomic history of southeastern Europe. Nature 555, 197–203 (2018).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Oelze, V. M. et al. Multi-isotopic analysis reveals individual mobility and diet at the Early Iron Age monumental tumulus of Magdalenenberg, Germany. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 148, 406–421 (2012).

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Mittnik, A. et al. Kinship-based social inequality in Bronze Age Europe. Science 366, 731–734 (2019).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Koch, J. K. in Neue Forschungen zum Magdalenenberg (ed. Krausse, D.) Vol. 77 38–52 (Landesamt für Denkmalpflege im Regierungspräsidium Stuttgart, 2017).

  • Ringbauer, H., Novembre, J. & Steinrücken, M. Parental relatedness through time revealed by runs of homozygosity in ancient DNA. Nat. Commun. 12, 1–11 (2021).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Brunel, S. et al. Ancient genomes from present-day France unveil 7,000 years of its demographic history. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 117, 12791–12798 (2020).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Patterson, N. et al. Large-scale migration into Britain during the Middle to Late Bronze Age. Nature 601, 588–594 (2021).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Furtwängler, A. et al. Ancient genomes reveal social and genetic structure of Late Neolithic Switzerland. Nat. Commun. 11, 1–11 (2020).


    Google Scholar
     

  • Jaouen, K. et al. Tracing intensive fish and meat consumption using Zn isotope ratios: evidence from a historical Breton population (Rennes, France). Sci. Rep. 8, 1–12 (2018).

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Willmes, M. et al. Mapping of bioavailable strontium isotope ratios in France for archaeological provenance studies. Appl. Geochem. 90, 75–86 (2018).

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Thomsen, E. & Andreasen, R. Agricultural lime disturbs natural strontium isotope variations: Implications for provenance and migration studies. Sci. Adv. 5, eaav8083 (2019).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • O’Sullivan, N. et al. Ancient genome-wide analyses infer kinship structure in an Early Medieval Alemannic graveyard. Sci. Adv. 4, eaao1262 (2018).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Veeramah, K. R. et al. Population genomic analysis of elongated skulls reveals extensive female-biased immigration in Early Medieval Bavaria. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 115, 3494–3499 (2018).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Antonio, M. L. et al. Stable population structure in Europe since the Iron Age, despite high mobility. eLife https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.79714 (2024).

  • Schiffels, S. et al. Iron Age and Anglo-Saxon genomes from East England reveal British migration history. Nat. Commun. 7, 10408 (2016).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Amorim, C. E. G. et al. Understanding 6th-century barbarian social organization and migration through paleogenomics. Nat. Commun. 9, 3547 (2018).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Olalde, I. et al. The genomic history of the Iberian Peninsula over the past 8000 years. Science 363, 1230–1234 (2019).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Rootsi, S. et al. Distinguishing the co-ancestries of haplogroup G Y-chromosomes in the populations of Europe and the Caucasus. Eur. J. Hum. Genet. 20, 1275–1282 (2012).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Rębała, K. et al. Contemporary paternal genetic landscape of Polish and German populations: from early medieval Slavic expansion to post-World War II resettlements. Eur. J. Hum. Genet. 21, 415–422 (2012).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Graeber, D. & Wengrow, D. The Dawn of Everything: A New History of Humanity (Macmillan USA, 2021).

  • Pauli, L. Untersuchungen zur Späthallstattkultur in Nordwürttemberg Vol. 2 (Helmut Buske Verlag, 1972).

  • Ly, G. et al. From matrimonial practices to genetic diversity in Southeast Asian populations: the signature of the matrilineal puzzle. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 374, 20180434 (2019).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Fowler, C. et al. A high-resolution picture of kinship practices in an Early Neolithic tomb. Nature 601, 584–587 (2021).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Rivollat, M. et al. Extensive pedigrees reveal the social organization of a Neolithic community. Nature 620, 600–606 (2023).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Kennett, D. J. et al. Archaeogenomic evidence reveals prehistoric matrilineal dynasty. Nat. Commun. 8, 1–9 (2017).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Alexander, R. D. The evolution of social behavior. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 5, 325–383 (1974).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Kurland, J. A. in Evolutionary Biology And Human Social Behavior: An Anthropological Perspective (eds Chagnon, N. & Irons, W.) 145–180 (Duxbury Press, 1979).

  • Hartung, J. Paternity and inheritance of wealth. Nature 291, 652–654 (1981).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Flinn, M. in Natural Selection And Social Behavior: Recent Research And New Theory (eds Alexander, D. R. & Tinkle, D. W.) 439–475 (Chiron Press, 1981).

  • Fortunato, L. The evolution of matrilineal kinship organization. Proc. R. Soc. B 279, 4939–4945 (2012).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Rogers, A. R. Genetic relatedness to sisters’ children has been underestimated. Proc. Biol. Sci. 280, 20121937 (2013).

    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Hartung, J. Matrilineal inheritance: new theory and analysis. Behav. Brain Sci. 8, 661–688 (1985).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Armit, I. et al. Kinship practices in Early Iron Age South-east Europe: genetic and isotopic analysis of burials from the Dolge njive barrow cemetery, Dolenjska, Slovenia. Antiquity 97, 403–418 (2023).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Goody, E. N. Parenthood and Social Reproduction (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1982).

  • Karl, R. Master and apprentice, knight and squire: Education in the ‘Celtic’ iron age. Oxf. J. Archaeol. 24, 255–271 (2005).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Müller-Scheeßel, N., Grupe, G. & Tütken, T. in Interpretierte Eisenzeiten. Fallstudien, Methoden, Theorie. Tagungsbeiträge der 6. Linzer Gespräche zur interpretativen Eisenzeitarchäologie (eds Karl, R. & Leskovar, J.) Vol. 42 1–24 (2015).

  • Parkes, P. Fostering fealty: a comparative analysis of tributary allegiances of adoptive kinship. Comp. Stud. Soc. Hist. 45, 741–782 (2003).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Parkes, P. Celtic fosterage: adoptive kinship and clientage in Northwest Europe. Comp. Stud. Soc. Hist. 48, 359–395 (2006).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Posth, C. et al. The origin and legacy of the Etruscans through a 2000-year archeogenomic time transect. Sci. Adv. 7, eabi7673 (2021).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Tomaschitz, K. Die Wanderungen der Kelten in der antiken literarischen Überlieferung (Verlag Österr. Akad. Wissenschaften, 2002).

  • Düwel, K., Nedoma, R. & Oehrl, S. Die südgermanischen Runeninschriften (Walter de Gruyter, 2020).

  • Pinhasi, R. et al. Optimal ancient DNA yields from the inner ear part of the human petrous bone. PLoS ONE 10, e0129102 (2015).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Dabney, J. et al. Complete mitochondrial genome sequence of a Middle Pleistocene cave bear reconstructed from ultrashort DNA fragments. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 110, 15758–15763 (2013).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Korlević, P. et al. Reducing microbial and human contamination in DNA extractions from ancient bones and teeth. Biotechniques 59, 87–93 (2015).

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Rohland, N., Glocke, I., Aximu-Petri, A. & Meyer, M. Extraction of highly degraded DNA from ancient bones, teeth and sediments for high-throughput sequencing. Nat. Protoc. 13, 2447–2461 (2018).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Kircher, M., Sawyer, S. & Meyer, M. Double indexing overcomes inaccuracies in multiplex sequencing on the Illumina platform. Nucleic Acids Res. 40, e3 (2012).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Meyer, M. & Kircher, M. Illumina sequencing library preparation for highly multiplexed target capture and sequencing. Cold Spring Harb. Protoc. 2010, db.prot5448 (2010).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Rohland, N., Harney, E., Mallick, S., Nordenfelt, S. & Reich, D. Partial uracil-DNA-glycosylase treatment for screening of ancient DNA. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 370, 20130624 (2015).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Gansauge, M.-T. & Meyer, M. Single-stranded DNA library preparation for the sequencing of ancient or damaged DNA. Nat. Protoc. 8, 737–748 (2013).

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Peltzer, A. et al. EAGER: efficient ancient genome reconstruction. Genome Biol. 17, 60 (2016).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Fu, Q. et al. An early modern human from Romania with a recent Neanderthal ancestor. Nature 524, 216–219 (2015).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Schubert, M., Lindgreen, S. & Orlando, L. AdapterRemoval v2: rapid adapter trimming, identification, and read merging. BMC Res. Notes 9, 88 (2016).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Li, H. & Durbin, R. Fast and accurate short read alignment with Burrows–Wheeler transform. Bioinformatics 25, 1754–1760 (2009).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Jónsson, H., Ginolhac, A., Schubert, M., Johnson, P. L. F. & Orlando, L. mapDamage2.0: fast approximate Bayesian estimates of ancient DNA damage parameters. Bioinformatics 29, 1682–1684 (2013).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Mittnik, A., Wang, C.-C., Svoboda, J. & Krause, J. A molecular approach to the sexing of the triple burial at the Upper Paleolithic site of Dolní Věstonice. PLoS ONE 11, e0163019 (2016).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Lamnidis, T. C. et al. Ancient Fennoscandian genomes reveal origin and spread of Siberian ancestry in Europe. Nat. Commun. 9, 5018 (2018).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Korneliussen, T. S., Albrechtsen, A. & Nielsen, R. ANGSD: analysis of next generation sequencing data. BMC Bioinform. 15, 356 (2014).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Renaud, G., Slon, V., Duggan, A. T. & Kelso, J. Schmutzi: estimation of contamination and endogenous mitochondrial consensus calling for ancient DNA. Genome Biol. 16, 224 (2015).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Skoglund, P. et al. Separating endogenous ancient DNA from modern day contamination in a Siberian Neandertal. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 111, 2229–2234 (2014).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Haak, W. et al. Massive migration from the steppe was a source for Indo-European languages in Europe. Nature 522, 207–211 (2015).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Lazaridis, I. et al. Genomic insights into the origin of farming in the ancient Near East. Nature 536, 419–424 (2016).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Lazaridis, I. et al. Ancient human genomes suggest three ancestral populations for present-day Europeans. Nature 513, 409–413 (2014).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Li, H. et al. The Sequence Alignment/Map format and SAMtools. Bioinformatics 25, 2078–2079 (2009).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Kearse, M. et al. Geneious Basic: an integrated and extendable desktop software platform for the organization and analysis of sequence data. Bioinformatics 28, 1647–1649 (2012).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Weissensteiner, H. et al. HaploGrep 2: mitochondrial haplogroup classification in the era of high-throughput sequencing. Nucleic Acids Res. 44, W58–W63 (2016).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Rohrlach, A. B., Tuke, J., Popli, D. & Haak, W. BREADR: an R package for the Bayesian estimation of genetic relatedness from low-coverage genotype data. Preprint at bioRxiv https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.04.17.537144 (2023).

  • Lipatov, M., Sanjeev, K., Patro, R. & Veeramah, K. R. Maximum likelihood estimation of biological relatedness from low coverage sequencing data. Preprint at bioRxiv https://doi.org/10.1101/023374 (2015).

  • Popli, D., Peyrégne, S. & Peter, B. M. KIN: a method to infer relatedness from low-coverage ancient DNA. Genome Biol. 24, 10 (2023).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Rubinacci, S., Ribeiro, D. M., Hofmeister, R. J. & Delaneau, O. Efficient phasing and imputation of low-coverage sequencing data using large reference panels. Nat. Genet. 53, 120–126 (2021).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Sudmant, P. H. et al. An integrated map of structural variation in 2,504 human genomes. Nature 526, 75–81 (2015).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Yunusbayev, B. et al. The Caucasus as an asymmetric semipermeable barrier to ancient human migrations. Mol. Biol. Evol. 29, 359–365 (2012).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • 1000 Genomes Project Consortium et al. A global reference for human genetic variation. Nature 526, 68–74 (2015).

  • Behar, D. M. et al. The genome-wide structure of the Jewish people. Nature 466, 238–242 (2010).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Kushniarevich, A. et al. Genetic heritage of the Balto-Slavic speaking populations: a synthesis of autosomal, mitochondrial and Y-chromosomal data. PLoS ONE 10, e0135820 (2015).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Pagani, L. et al. Genomic analyses inform on migration events during the peopling of Eurasia. Nature 538, 238–242 (2016).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Kovacevic, L. et al. Standing at the gateway to Europe—the genetic structure of Western balkan populations based on autosomal and haploid markers. PLoS ONE 9, e105090 (2014).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Genetic Analysis of Psoriasis Consortium & the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium 2 et al. A genome-wide association study identifies new psoriasis susceptibility loci and an interaction between HLA-C and ERAP1. Nat. Genet. 42, 985–990 (2010).

  • Genome of the Netherlands Consortium. Whole-genome sequence variation, population structure and demographic history of the Dutch population. Nat. Genet. 46, 818–825 (2014).

  • International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Consortium et al. Genetic risk and a primary role for cell-mediated immune mechanisms in multiple sclerosis. Nature 476, 214–219 (2011).

  • Leslie, S. et al. The fine-scale genetic structure of the British population. Nature 519, 309–314 (2015).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Price, A. L. et al. Long-range LD can confound genome scans in admixed populations. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 83, 132–135 (2008). author reply 135–9.

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Anderson, C. A. et al. Data quality control in genetic case-control association studies. Nat. Protoc. 5, 1564–1573 (2010).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Purcell, S. et al. PLINK: a tool set for whole-genome association and population-based linkage analyses. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 81, 559–575 (2007).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Patterson, N., Price, A. L. & Reich, D. Population structure and eigenanalysis. PLoS Genet. 2, e190 (2006).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Patterson, N. et al. Ancient admixture in human history. Genetics 192, 1065–1093 (2012).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Reich, D. et al. Reconstructing Native American population history. Nature 488, 370–374 (2012).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Gretzinger, J. et al. The Anglo-Saxon migration and the formation of the early English gene pool. Nature 610, 112–119 (2022).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Alexander, D. H., Novembre, J. & Lange, K. Fast model-based estimation of ancestry in unrelated individuals. Genome Res. 19, 1655–1664 (2009).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Chintalapati, M., Patterson, N. & Moorjani, P. The spatiotemporal patterns of major human admixture events during the European Holocene. eLife 11, e77625 (2022).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Knipper, C. et al. in Migrations in Prehistory and Early History Stable Isotopes and Population Genetics (eds Kaiser, E., Burger, J. & Schier, W.) 293–317 (De Gruyter, 2012).

  • Knipper, C. et al. Female exogamy and gene pool diversification at the transition from the Final Neolithic to the Early Bronze Age in central Europe. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 114, 10083–10088 (2017).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Latest article